Milk May Help Bacteria Survive Against Low Levels Of Antibiotics (September 9, 2008) -- Milk may help prevent potentially dangerous bacteria like Staphylococcus from being killed by antibiotics used to treat animals. ... > full story
African-Americans Have Unique Lung Cancer Risks From Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (September 9, 2008) -- Scientists have developed a risk prediction assessment for lung cancer specifically for African-Americans that suggests a greater risk from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ... > full story
More Off-premise Alcohol Outlets Can Lead To More Injuries Among Neighborhood Children (September 9, 2008) -- Injuries are the leading cause of death among children ages one to 14 in the United States. A first-of-its-kind study shows that numerous off-premise alcohol outlets in neighborhoods can reduce overall guardianship of children's activities, leading to increased injuries. ... > full story
Genetic Variants Associated With Vitamin B12 (September 9, 2008) -- Researchers have identified a common genetic influence on B12 vitamin levels in the blood, suggesting a new way to approach the biological connections between an important biochemical variable and deficiency-related diseases. ... > full story
Creating Lung Cancer Risk Models For Specific Populations Refines Prediction (September 9, 2008) -- Lung cancer risk prediction models are enhanced by taking into account risk factors by race and by measuring DNA repair capacity, according to epidemiologists. ... > full story
Middle Schoolers And Alcohol: Tips For Parents From AAAS (September 9, 2008) -- The first few weeks of middle school are a frenzy of friends, parties, and school events. It's also time for parents to start talking with their kids about the dangers of drinking alcohol, according to the Science Inside Alcohol Project of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. ... > full story
Gene Therapy Prevents Blindness In An Animal Model Of Mitochondrial Dysfunction (September 8, 2008) -- Scientists have created an animal model suitable for testing and validating gene therapies for treatment of a common mitochondrial dysfunction that causes loss of vision. ... > full story
Structure Of Key Epigenetics Component Identified (September 8, 2008) -- Scientists from the Structural Genomics Consortium have determined the 3-D structure of a key protein component involved in enabling "epigenetic code" to be copied accurately from cell to cell. The research not only represents an advance for the epigenetics field, but also an advance for how the science was done. ... > full story
First Prognosticator Of Survival In Aggressive Cancer Revealed (September 8, 2008) -- The tumor suppressor gene pRb2/p130 may provide the first independent prognostic biomarker in cases of soft tissue sarcoma, according to new research. ... > full story
Will The 'Bare Below The Elbows' Rule For Doctors Cut Infection Rates Or Just Patient Confidence? (September 8, 2008) -- Should surgeons be bare below the elbows and tie-less or are new UK dress rules for doctors compromising their professional image without sufficient evidence that hospital-acquired infections will be reduced? ... > full story
Common Painkillers Lower Levels Of Prostate Cancer Biomarker, Study Shows (September 8, 2008) -- Common painkillers like aspirin and ibuprofen appear to lower a man's PSA level, the blood biomarker widely used by physicians to help gauge whether a man is at risk of prostate cancer. But the authors of the study caution that men shouldn't take the painkillers in an effort to prevent prostate cancer just yet. ... > full story
Tracking The Reasons Many Girls Avoid Science And Math (September 8, 2008) -- The self-confidence instilled by parents and teachers is more important for young girls learning math and science than their initial interest. The three-year study aimed to identify supports and barriers that steer girls and young women toward or away from science and math during their education. ... > full story
Gaining A Better Understanding Of Kidney Diseases (September 8, 2008) -- By introducing a genetic switch in mice it is possible to increase or decrease the production of specific protein molecules in their kidneys. Thus, researchers can study the influence of specific proteins on disease development. This model of investigating severe kidney diseases was published in Nature Medicine. ... > full story
Txt Crimes, Sex Crimes And Murder: The Science Of Forensic Linguistics (September 8, 2008) -- Text and instant messaging may soon cease to be an anonymous method of communication as advances in forensic linguistic research make it possible to identify the sender and also predict the gender and age of the author with some degree of success. ... > full story
Best Way To Treat Malaria: Avoid Using Same Drug For Everyone, Scientists Say (September 8, 2008) -- Scientists employing a sophisticated computer model have found that many governments worldwide are recommending the wrong kind of malaria treatment. ... > full story
New Stem Cell Screening Tool Takes Adult Stem Cell Research To New Level (September 8, 2008) -- A bioinformatic system takes adult stem cell research to a new level. Rather than using stem cells from embryonic sources, which opens difficult ethical and complicated scientific issues, scientists have been looking to adult human stem cells, culled from a person's own body. Adult stem cells are now being cultivated from various tissues in the body -- from skin, bones and even wisdom teeth. ... > full story
Sweating, Crying May Help Prevent Exercise-Induced Asthma In Athletes (September 8, 2008) -- An athlete's ability to sweat may do more than keep the body cool. It also may prevent the development of exercise-induced asthma, a common respiratory condition among trained athletes. ... > full story
Numerous Undiscovered Gene Alterations In Pancreatic And Brain Cancers Detected (September 8, 2008) -- Investigators have detected a multitude of broken, missing, and overactive genes in pancreatic and brain tumors, in the most detailed genetic survey yet of any human tumor. Some of these genetic changes were previously unknown and could provide new leads for improved diagnosis and therapy for these devastating cancers. ... > full story
Obese People With Asthma Have Nearly Five Times Greater Risk Of Hospitalization For Asthma (September 8, 2008) -- A new study found obese people with asthma are 4.6 times more likely to be hospitalized for asthma than non-obese people with asthma. The study surveyed 1,113 asthmatics and is the first study to control for risk factors that explain the obesity-asthma association: smoking, oral or inhaled corticosteroid medication use, gastroesophageal reflux disorder and demographics. The study found obese people had a harder time controlling asthma day-to-day compared to non-obese people with asthma. ... > full story
Plastic Bottles: Bisphenol A Of 'Some Concern' According To U.S. Government Report (September 8, 2008) -- Current human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical used in many polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, is of "some concern" for effects on development of the prostate gland and brain and for behavioral effects in fetuses, infants and children, according to a final report released in the U.S. by the National Toxicology Program. ... > full story
The Beatles Show Link Between Positive Experiences And How Memories Are Shaped (September 8, 2008) -- The Magical Memory Tour, the largest ever international online survey which asked people to blog their memories of the Beatles to create the biggest database of autobiographical memories ever attempted, has just been completed. ... > full story
Changes To Embryonic Stem Cells Caused By Down Syndrome Revealed (September 8, 2008) -- Scientists investigating the mechanisms of Down syndrome have revealed the earliest developmental changes in embryonic stem cells caused by an extra copy of human chromosome 21 -- the aberrant inheritance of which results in the condition. ... > full story
Stem Cell Transplantation Benefits Mice With Childhood Motor Neuron Disease (September 8, 2008) -- The motor neuron disease spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the second most common genetic disorder leading to death in childhood. There is currently no cure for SMA, but some clinicians and researchers consider stem cell transplantation as a potential therapeutic strategy. And now, work using a mouse model of SMA suggests that spinal cord neural stem cells might be a possible treatment for individuals with SMA. ... > full story
As Easy As 1, 2, 3: Number Sense Correlates With Test Scores (September 8, 2008) -- Knowing how precisely a high school freshman can estimate the number of objects in a group gives you a good idea how well he has done in math as far back as kindergarten. ... > full story
New 'Trick' Allows HIV To Overcome A Barrier To Infection (September 8, 2008) -- Researchers have discovered a new 'trick' that allows HIV to overtake resting T cells that are normally highly resistant to HIV infection -- the binding of the virus to the surface of those cells sends a signal that breaks down the cells' internal skeleton, a structure that otherwise may present a significant barrier to infection. ... > full story
Smoke Smudges Mexico City's Air, Chemists Identify Sources (September 8, 2008) -- Mexico City once topped lists of places with the worst air pollution in the world. Although efforts to curb emissions have improved the situation, tiny particles called aerosols still clog the air. Now, atmospheric scientists have sorted through the pall that hangs over the city to precisely identify aerosols that make up the haze and chart daily patterns of changes to the mix. ... > full story
Cholesterol Drugs Lower Risk Of Stroke For Elderly, Too (September 8, 2008) -- Elderly people who take a cholesterol drug after a stroke or mini-stroke lower their risk of having another stroke just as much as younger people in the same situation, according to new research. ... > full story
Child Safety Seats And Lap-and-shoulder Belts Effective In Preventing Serious Injury, Study Suggests (September 8, 2008) -- Study reveals that lap-and-shoulder seat belts perform as well as child safety seats in preventing serious injury. For young children, all states currently require the use of child safety seats, and the minimum age and weight requirements to graduate to seat belts has been increasing over time. A new study reveals that lap-and-shoulder seat belts perform as well as child safety seats in preventing serious injury. ... > full story
You Can Be Replaced: Immune Cells Compensate For Defective DNA Repair Factor (September 8, 2008) -- A new mouse model has provided some surprising insight into XLF, a molecule that helps to repair lethal DNA damage. The research suggests that although XLF shares many properties with well known DNA repair factors, certain cells of the immune system possess an unexpected compensatory mechanism that that can take over for nonfunctional XLF. ... > full story
Change In HER2 Status Found After Treating Breast Cancer Patients With Herceptin (September 8, 2008) -- Researchers have discovered that when treated with Herceptin prior to surgery, 50 percent of HER2 positive, breast cancer patients showed no signs of disease at the time of surgery. However, of those women who had residual disease, about one-third had tumors that converted from HER2 positive to HER 2 negative status -- possibly indicating a resistance to the targeted therapy. ... > full story
Age, Income And Marital Status: Socio-demographic Factors Influence Costs Of Back Pain (September 8, 2008) -- It is well-known that back pain belongs to the most frequent health problems in the industrial nations and, it is also well-known that it is the cause of considerable costs for health insurance schemes and the economy. Researchers have now scrutinized socio-demographic variables of patients as potential cost-influencing parameters. ... > full story
Atomic Structure Of The Mammalian 'Fatty Acid Factory' Determined (September 8, 2008) -- Mammalian fatty acid synthase is one of the most complex molecular synthetic machines in human cells. It is also a promising target for the development of anti-cancer and anti-obesity drugs and the treatment of metabolic disorders. Now researchers have determined the atomic structure of a mammalian fatty acid synthase. ... > full story
How STDs Increase The Risk Of Becoming Infected With HIV (September 8, 2008) -- Individuals who have a sexually transmitted disease and women with yeast and bacterial vaginal infections have an increased risk of becoming infected with HIV if exposed to the virus through sexual contact. New research has provided a new explanation as to how and why STDs have this effect. ... > full story
AMD and Vision Loss: Low-Luminance Study Yields a New Predictive Tool (September 8, 2008) -- Scientists have discovered a simple and inexpensive way to predict the rapid loss of visual acuity, the ability to see detail, in "dry" AMD patients. ... > full story
Free Drug Samples May End Up Costing Uninsured More (September 8, 2008) -- Free drug samples provided to physicians by pharmaceutical companies could actually be costing uninsured patients more in the long run, according to a new study. ... > full story
Delaying Evolution Of Drug Resistance In Malaria Parasite Possible (September 8, 2008) -- There's no magic bullet for wiping out malaria, but a new study offers strong support for a method that effectively delays the evolution of drug resistance in malaria parasites, a researcher says. ... > full story
Scientists Identify Genetic Link That May Neutralize HIV (September 7, 2008) -- A genetic target may provide a significant new opportunity for vaccine or therapeutic development. Scientists have uncovered new evidence that strengthens the link between a host-cell gene called Apobec3 and the production of neutralizing antibodies to retroviruses. The finding adds a new dimension to the set of possible explanations for why most people who are infected with HIV do not make neutralizing antibodies that effectively fight the virus. ... > full story
Defibrillators Save Lives, Don't Diminish Quality Of Life, Researchers Find (September 7, 2008) -- Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators reduce the risk of death from sudden cardiac arrest among patients with heart failure, and they do so without significantly altering a person's quality of life, say researchers from Duke University Medical Center. ... > full story
Sexologists Can Infer A Woman's History of Orgasms By The Way She Walks (September 7, 2008) -- A new study found that trained sexologists could infer a woman's history of vaginal orgasm by observing the way she walks. ... > full story
Fatal Protein Interactions May Explain Neurological Diseases (September 7, 2008) -- Researchers have investigated how proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease interact to form unique complexes. Their findings explain why Alzheimer's patients might develop Parkinson's, and vice versa. The new and unique molecular structures they discovered can now be used to model and develop new drugs for these devastating neurological diseases. ... > full story
Cardiac Cell Transplant Studies Show Promise In Cardiac Tissue Repair (September 7, 2008) -- Two studies involving cardiac cell transplantation have shown an evolving role for bone marrow cells in cardiac cell therapy. The implantation of heart muscle cells and subsequent restoration of cardiac function was enhanced when bone marrow cells were implanted along with the cardiomyocytes. Researchers also found that mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow provided an advantage over fetal amniotic fluid derived cells when differentiating into appropriate cells for cardiac cell transplantation and repair. ... > full story
What A Sleep Study Can Reveal About Fibromyalgia (September 7, 2008) -- Research engineers and sleep medicine specialists from two Michigan universities have joined technical and clinical hands to put innovative technologies to work in the sleep lab. ... > full story
Chemobrain Treatment? Potential Remedy For The 'Mental Fog' In Cancer Patients (September 7, 2008) -- Cancer patients have complained for years about the mental fog known as chemobrain. Now in animal studies, researchers have discovered that injections of N-acetyl cysteine, an antioxidant, can prevent the memory loss that breast cancer chemotherapy drugs sometimes induce. . ... > full story
Exercise Reduces Damage After Therapeutic Irradiation To The Brain (September 7, 2008) -- Researchers has shown for the first time that exercise helps restore stem cell growth and improves behavior in young mice that suffered damage to the brain induced by a clinically relevant dose of radiation. The researchers believe that these results are also applicable to children that have suffered damage due to radiotherapy of brain tumors. ... > full story
A Virtuous Cycle: Safety In Numbers For Bicycle Riders (September 7, 2008) -- It seems paradoxical but the more people ride bicycles on our city streets, the less likely they are to be injured in traffic accidents. International research reveals that as cycling participation increases, a cyclist is far less likely to collide with a motor vehicle or suffer injury and death - and what's true for cyclists is true for pedestrians. ... > full story
Add-On Therapy Improves Depressive Symptoms In Bipolar Disorder (September 7, 2008) -- Lingering depression is a serious and common problem in bipolar disorder, and does not resolve well with existing treatments. Because individuals with both depression and bipolar disorder experience a glutathione deficiency, an antioxidant that protects cells from toxins, researchers sought to evaluate whether N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), an over-the-counter supplement that increases brain glutathione, might help alleviate depressive symptoms. ... > full story
Oxidative Stress: Mechanism Of Cell Death Clarified (September 7, 2008) -- Scientists have decrypted the molecular mechanism through which the death of cells is caused by oxidative stress. This knowledge opens novel perspectives to systematically explore the benefit of targeted therapeutic interventions in the cure of aging and stress-related degenerative diseases. ... > full story
Social Psychology Can Be Used To Understand Nuclear Restraint (September 7, 2008) -- Social psychology is the study of how people and groups interact. A new study shows how social psychology can help us better understand the puzzle of nuclear restraint and uses the case of Japan to illustrate social psychology on nuclear decision-making. ... > full story
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