New Insights Into How Cells Accessorize Their Proteins (September 23, 2008) -- Researchers have gained new insight into how the cell's vast array of proteins would instantly be reduced to a confusion of lethally malfunctioning molecules without a system for proteins to "accessorize" in order to regulate their function. ... > full story
Cost-effectiveness Of Genetic Screening To Guide Initial HIV Treatment Evaluated (September 23, 2008) -- A major study from a team of researchers from Weill Cornell Medical College and Massachusetts General Hospital has found that a recent change to HIV-treatment guidelines recommending genetic screening is cost-effective under certain conditions. ... > full story
New Tool For 'Right First Time' Drug Manufacture (September 23, 2008) -- A technology which provides high quality images of the crystallization process marks the next step towards a "right first time" approach to drug manufacture, according to engineers. ... > full story
Physicians Often Miss Opportunities To Show Empathy, Study Finds (September 23, 2008) -- In consultations with patients with lung cancer, physicians rarely responded empathically to the concerns of the patients about mortality, symptoms or treatment options, according to a new study. The study found that physicians missed many opportunities to recognize and possibly ease the concerns of their patients and routinely provided little emotional support. ... > full story
Heart Bypass Surgery: Deadly Delays (September 23, 2008) -- Delaying elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery may be a significant risk factor for post-operative death. Research published in the open access journal BMC Health Services Research reveals that when patients received timely surgery, the risk of death was reduced by a third. ... > full story
What's The Main Risk Factor Of Gallstone Disease? (September 23, 2008) -- Gallstone disease is very common and costly. Preventive strategies are based on the knowledge of GD risk factors. This study reports the results of a multicenter project aimed at evaluating GD incidence and risk factors. 9611 subjects (5477 males, 4134 females, aged: 30-79 years) were evaluated; 4.4 percent had gallstones, 0.6 percent had been cholecystectomized; incidence rate was 0.67 percent per year. Increasing age and body mass index were identified as true risk factors for GD. ... > full story
Virtual Colonoscopy As Good As Other Colon Cancer Screening Methods, Study Finds (September 23, 2008) -- CT colonography, known as virtual colonoscopy, is as accurate at screening for colorectal cancers and pre-cancerous polyps as conventional colonoscopy, the current screening standard, according to the National CT Colonography Trial, a nationwide multi-center study that included the San Francisco VA Medical Center. ... > full story
Culture Shapes Young People's Drinking Habits (September 23, 2008) -- Whether young people get drunk as a purposeful behavior or as an unintended consequence depends on what country they live in, according to new research on young people in seven countries. The research finds that young people's views on alcohol and drunkenness were influenced more by culture than by factors such as age and sex. ... > full story
Political Attitudes Are Predicted By Physiological Traits, Research Finds (September 22, 2008) -- Is America's red-blue divide based on voters' physiology? A new paper in the journal Science explores the link. The study finds that those individuals with "measurably lower physical sensitivities to sudden noises and threatening visual images were more likely to support foreign aid, liberal immigration policies, pacifism and gun control, whereas individuals displaying measurably higher physiological reactions to those same stimuli were more likely to favor defense spending, capital punishment, patriotism and the Iraq War." ... > full story
Protein Identified That Plays Role In Blood Flow (September 22, 2008) -- Using atomic force microscopy -- a microscope with very high resolution -- and isolating blood vessels outside the body, researchers have identified a protein that plays an important role in the control of tissue blood flow and vascular resistance. This new knowledge brings researchers one step closer to understanding vascular diseases, such as high blood pressure, diabetes and other vascular problems. ... > full story
Different Stem Cell Types Defined By Exclusive Combinations Of Genes Working Together (September 22, 2008) -- In the new issue of Cell Stem Cell, scientists report that the same transcription factor, which is crucial for the survival of different stem cell types, can behave differently. This finding reveals important insights about how scientists may be able to manipulate and engineer different stem cells for the treatment of human degenerative disorders. Understanding the behavior of transcription factors, a class of gene regulators, helps pave the way for important advancements in stem cell technology and clinical research. ... > full story
Sexism Pays: Men Who Hold Traditional Views Of Women Earn More Than Men Who Don't, Study Shows (September 22, 2008) -- When it comes to sex roles in society, what you think may affect what you earn. A new study has found that men who believe in traditional roles for women earn more money than men who don't, and women with more egalitarian views don't make much more than women with a more traditional outlook. ... > full story
Scientists To Develop Blood Test For Alzheimer's (September 22, 2008) -- Researchers in the United Kingdom are joining forces to develop a simple blood test to diagnose Alzheimer's disease. ... > full story
Revealing The Regulating Mechanism Behind Signal Transduction In The Brain (September 22, 2008) -- Our brain consists of billions of cells that continually transmit signals to each other. This dynamic process works only when the brain cells make contact correctly, or, in other words, when there is a good "synapse." An essential element in this process is a controlled protein production along with the synapse. VIB researchers are now discovering how the Fragile X protein (FMRP) ensures that protein production is controlled at synapse and regulated by brain activity. ... > full story
What You Smell As You Sleep Influences Your Dreams (September 22, 2008) -- What you smell as you sleep has the power to influence your dreams, says new research. ... > full story
Variant Of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Linked To Melanoma Risk (September 22, 2008) -- A new analysis indicates an association between a gene involved in vitamin D metabolism and skin cancer. ... > full story
Expanding Cell Girth Indicates Seriousness Of Breast Cancer (September 22, 2008) -- How fat cells become after being exposed to a specialized electrical field is helping researchers determine whether cells are normal, cancerous or a stage of cancer already invading other parts of the body. ... > full story
Healthy People With Elevated Levels Of Uric Acid Are At Risk Of Developing Kidney Disease (September 22, 2008) -- Elevated uric acid levels in the blood indicate an increased risk of new-onset kidney disease, according to a study appearing in the December 2008 issue of the Journal of the American Society Nephrology. The results suggest that it may be appropriate to prescribe uric acid--lowering drugs, such as allopurinol and probenecid, to these otherwise healthy individuals. ... > full story
Botox Can Improve First Impressions For Attractiveness, Dating Success (September 22, 2008) -- The popular cosmetic enhancement, botulinum toxin A positively effects first impression judgments in relation to attractiveness, dating success, and athleticism, says new research. ... > full story
'Friendly' Bacteria Protect Against Type 1 Diabetes, Researchers Find (September 22, 2008) -- In a dramatic illustration of the potential for microbes to prevent disease, researchers at have shown that mice exposed to common stomach bacteria were protected against the development of type I diabetes. ... > full story
Type 1 Diabetes May Result From Good Genes Behaving Badly (September 22, 2008) -- New research suggests that type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disease that develops in children and young adults, may not be due to bad genes but rather to good genes behaving badly. ... > full story
Pancreatic Cancer: New Options When An Old Enemy Returns (September 22, 2008) -- Pancreatic cancer is one of the most challenging malignancies to treat, and recurrence is common, even after initial treatment with surgery and radiation. When the cancer does return, treatment options are often limited to chemotherapy, but researchers are now utilizing the precision allowed by CyberKnife to see if radiosurgery is a viable treatment option in select patients. ... > full story
Work Together Or Face 'Disastrous Consequences' For Health In Africa, Experts Warn (September 22, 2008) -- Faced with the prospect of more variable and changing climates increasing Africa's already intolerable disease burden, scientists must begin to reach out to colleagues in other fields and to the people they want to help if they hope to avert an expected "continental disaster," according to leading climate, health, and information technology experts, who met in Nairobi last week. ... > full story
Genetic Link Between Immune And Nerve Systems Found (September 22, 2008) -- Researchers have discovered genetic links between the nervous system and the immune system in a well-studied worm, and the findings could illuminate new approaches to human therapies. ... > full story
Cancer-causing Gut Bacteria Exposed (September 22, 2008) -- Normal gut bacteria are thought to be involved in colon cancer but the exact mechanisms have remained unknown. Now, scientists have discovered that a molecule produced by a common gut bacterium activates signalling pathways that are associated with cancer cells. The research, published in the Journal of Medical Microbiology, sheds light on the way gut bacteria can cause colon cancer. ... > full story
Audio Relaxation Program May Help Lower Blood Pressure In Elderly (September 22, 2008) -- Study highlights an audio-guided relaxation CD with background sounds of ocean waves and a calming voice may lower blood pressure in elderly people. Listening to Mozart also significantly lowered blood pressure in the study, but to a lesser degree. The technique has been used for chronic pain, but had never been tested in the hypertensive elderly. ... > full story
Why Heart Attack Victims Do Better With Social Support (September 22, 2008) -- Researchers have identified specific damages to the brain that may occur when heart attack victims are socially isolated from others. The study in mice found that those animals that lived alone before undergoing a heart attack showed five to eight times more damage to neurons in one part of the brain than did similar animals that lived with others. ... > full story
Cancer-causing Role Of Gene Proteins Discovered (September 22, 2008) -- Scientists in Toronto, Canada have discovered the role of two "cousins" in the genetic family tree of cancer development. ... > full story
Baby Eyes Are Taking In The World, Applying Self-experience To Other People (September 22, 2008) -- Twelve- and 18-month-old babies not only are observing what is going on around them but also are using their own visual self-experience to judge what other people can and cannot see. ... > full story
Colorful Spy Tactics Track Live Cells Supporting Cancerous Tumors (September 22, 2008) -- A new advance in cellular imaging is allowing scientists to better understand the movement of cells in the area around tumors, also known as the tumor microenvironment. Optimized methods of laser microscopy track the movement of live cells in a mouse model of breast cancer. ... > full story
Older People Who Diet Without Exercising Lose Valuable Muscle Mass (September 22, 2008) -- A group of sedentary and overweight older people placed on a four-month exercise program became more fit and burned off more fat, compared to older sedentary people who dieted but did not exercise. The new study also showed that when older people diet without exercising, they lose more lean muscle compared to those who exercise. When they combined weight loss with exercise, it nearly completely prevented the loss of lean muscle mass. ... > full story
Minimally Invasive Surgery Alleviates Pain Caused By Hip Impingement (September 22, 2008) -- The pain due to injury caused by an impingement within the hip joint can be alleviated by means of two surgical techniques in a minimally invasive manner. Arthroscopy is the technique preferred for those cases where the injury is less serious while the femoroacetabular osteoplastica after a small incision is for more serious injuries, according to doctors. ... > full story
Project To Turn Plant Cells Into Medical Factories (September 22, 2008) -- A large four-year project is launching in Europe to develop methods for production of valuable pharmaceutical compounds using plant cells as a production host in an effective and controlled manner. The methods based on plant biotechnology are an alternative to chemical synthesis. By controlling the cell metabolism of a 'green factory', i.e. a living plant cell, it is possible to affect the production of desired high-value compounds. This kind of metabolic engineering also stimulates the cells towards producing completely new compounds. ... > full story
Monitoring Outcomes Of Suicide Attempts In Pregnancy Can Better Assess Drug Dangers (September 22, 2008) -- Monitoring the health of children born to women who attempted suicide while pregnant can shed light on which medicines and what doses are particularly dangerous to developing fetuses, according to researchers from Hungary who publish their findings in a series of reports in a special issue of Toxicology and Industrial Health. ... > full story
Estrogen Reduces Risk Of Fracture After Menopause, Study Suggests (September 22, 2008) -- From the end of the 1970s to the late 1990s there was a significant reduction in the incidence of hip and distal forearm fractures among Oslo women in the early phase after menopause. Part of this decline can be explained by the large increase in the use of hormone replacement therapy after menopause in the same period, a new study shows. ... > full story
Small Changes To Transport Systems Could Mean Big Benefits For Older People (September 22, 2008) -- A new study has pinpointed how simple, low-cost measures could revolutionize older peoples' ability to use transport systems effectively, safely and with confidence. ... > full story
Vanderbilt Researchers Seek To Make Standardized Tests Accessible (September 22, 2008) -- Standardized testing is an inescapable part of modern education; however, these tests often fail to meet the needs of students with learning disabilities. Researchers have developed a decision-making instrument called the Test Accessibility and Modification Inventory to address the issue of accessibility for students with special needs. ... > full story
Scientists Trace Extensive Networks Regulating Alternative RNA Splicing (September 22, 2008) -- Scientists have succeeded in tracing intricate biochemical networks involving a class of proteins that enable genes to express themselves in specific tissues at particular moments in development. ... > full story
Bisexual Community Reports Need For Improvements In Mental Health Services (September 22, 2008) -- New research sheds light on the mental health of bisexual people in Ontario by looking at the context of mental health issues in this group. The Bisexuality, Mental Health and Emotional Well-Being Research Project evaluated the experiences of bisexual people based on three main determinants of health, and the results demonstrated that social biphobia and stereotypes about bisexuals have far reaching negative effects on the mental health and well-being of bisexual people. ... > full story
Receptor Activation Protects Retina From Diabetes Destruction (September 21, 2008) -- Diabetes can make the beautifully stratified retina look like over-fried bacon. A drug known for it pain-relieving power and believed to stimulate memory appears to prevent this retinal damage that leads to vision loss, researchers say. ... > full story
New Model Predicts Long-term Survival Of Critically Ill Patients (September 21, 2008) -- The long term survival of critically ill patients may now be predicted, using a new model. The study used clinical and long term survival data of a heterogenous group of 11,930 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at Royal Perth Hospital in Western Australia. ... > full story
Face Blindness Research Shows Emotions Are Key In The Study Of Face Recognition (September 21, 2008) -- Recognizing faces is usually an effortless process. However, a minority of people have difficulties identifying the person they are meeting or remembering people they have met before. These problems can be dramatic, where those affected fail to recognize the face of their spouse or child or even their own face. New research on face blindness demonstrates the importance of using naturalistic emotional faces and bodies for a better understanding of developmental face disorders. ... > full story
Internationally Adopted Children Hit Puberty Earlier, Study Finds (September 21, 2008) -- A Canadian study has found that some girls adopted from China begin puberty as early as eight and boys as early as 10-years-old. ... > full story
Cardiologists Find Physical Exams Just As Good For Assessing Heart Failure (September 21, 2008) -- Patient history and physical examination, traditionally the cornerstone diagnostic tool for medical care, may still be among the most accurate and cost-efficient methods to assess patients with congestive heart failure, researchers have found. ... > full story
Estrogen 'Flooding Our Rivers,' Montreal Study Finds (September 21, 2008) -- A water treatment plant from Canada's second biggest city, Montreal, is dumping 90 times the critical amount of certain estrogen products into the river. It only takes one nanogram (ng) of steroids per liter of water to disrupt the endocrinal system of fish and decrease their fertility. ... > full story
Positive Thinking Trial In UK Aims To Prevent Childhood Depression (September 21, 2008) -- More than 7,000 school pupils from across the United Kingdom will be taking part in the trial of a new positive thinking program led by the University of Bath designed to prevent children developing problems with depression. ... > full story
New Colorectal Screening Procedure Is Accurate And Less Invasive, Trial Finds (September 21, 2008) -- A major clinical trial for colorectal screening finds that more patients stand to benefit from a comprehensive, less invasive method to accurately detect colorectal cancer and precancerous polyps. ... > full story
Adults With Aortic Valve Disorder Do Not Experience Reduction In Survival Rate (September 21, 2008) -- Young adults with a bicuspid aortic valve, a congenital heart abnormality, experience subsequent cardiac events but do not appear to have lower survival rates compared to the general population, according to a new study. ... > full story
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