Novel Attempt Of Gene Therapy For Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (September 29, 2008) -- There are considerable endocrine cells in gastrointestinal tracts. These cells may be the potential and ideal target cells in gene therapy of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Chitosan nanoparticle is a kind of non-viral vector. A research group in China investigated the gene therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats by gastrointestinal administration of chitosan nanoparticles containing human insulin gene. ... > full story
New Tool To Assess Speech Development In Infants, Toddlers With Hearing Impairments (September 29, 2008) -- The number of hearing impaired infants and toddlers who are successfully aided by technological devices, such as hearing aids and cochlear implants, continues to grow, but there are still unknowns about these children's speaking abilities. ... > full story
Side Effects Severely Under-reported In ENT Medical Journals (September 29, 2008) -- Harms and adverse events (untoward side effects of surgery or medicine) have been under-reported or poorly described at an alarming low rate by the publishing authors in the four leading otolaryngology medical journals, according to new research. ... > full story
Promising Approach In Prevention And Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer (September 29, 2008) -- Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human cancers and continues to be a major unsolved health problem. The overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor and its ligands correlates with rapidly progressive disease and resistance to chemotherapy. ... > full story
Neuropeptide Y System Linked To More Severe Form Of Alcohol Dependence (September 29, 2008) -- Prior animal research showed an association between the neuropeptide Y (NPY) pathway and its three receptor genes and alcohol dependence, alcohol withdrawal and cocaine use. New human findings link two NPY receptor genes, NPY2R and NPY5R, with a more severe form of AD, and cocaine dependence. ... > full story
Impact Of Stress On Police Officers' Physical And Mental Health (September 29, 2008) -- Policing is dangerous work, and the danger lurks not on the streets alone. The pressures of law enforcement put officers at risk for high blood pressure, insomnia, increased levels of destructive stress hormones, heart problems, post-traumatic stress disorder and suicide, researchers have found through a decade of studies of police officers. ... > full story
Novel Mechanism To Reduce Nervous System Inflammation Identified (September 28, 2008) -- Researchers have discovered a new way to limit inflammation caused by the activation of microglia -- key immune cells in the brain. Although the role of such cells is to "clean up damage" after injury, they often worsen the damage by releasing toxic inflammatory factors. ... > full story
Brain Imaging Study Provides New Insight Into Why People Pay Too Much In Auctions (September 28, 2008) -- Auctions are an old and widely used method for allocating goods that have become increasingly common with the advent of internet auctions sites such as Ebay. Previous economic research has shown that in an auction people tend to bid "too high," or overbid, given the value of the item for sale. By combining brain imaging techniques with behavioral economic research, neuroscientists and economists were able to provide new insight into this tendency to overbid. ... > full story
Inhibiting Cholesterol-associated Protein Reduces High-risk Blockages In Arteries (September 28, 2008) -- Using the drug darapladib, researchers have inhibited a cholesterol-and immune system-associated protein, thereby reducing the development of heart-disease plaques that may cause death, heart attacks, and strokes in a pig model of atherosclerosis and diabetes. ... > full story
Workers More Prone To Lie In E-mail, And Feel Justified In Lying (September 28, 2008) -- A pair of recent studies suggest that E-mail is the most deceptive form of communications in the workplace -- even more so than more traditional kinds of written communications, like pen-and-paper. More surprising is that people actually feel justified when lying using E-mail, the studies show. ... > full story
CDC Urges More Children To Get Flu Shots (September 28, 2008) -- For the first time, health officials are urging all kids going back to school to get a flu shot. It's one of the changes being made after last year's bad influenza season. The Food and Drug Administration has also reformulated the vaccine to better combat the virus. The vaccine was largely ineffective last year, blocking only 40 percent of the strains of influenza virus, compared to the usual 70 to 90 percent protection rate. ... > full story
Majority Of Children Vaccinated Against Hepatitis B Not At Increased Risk Of Multiple Sclerosis, Study Shows (September 28, 2008) -- The majority of children vaccinated against hepatitis B are not at an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS), according to a study in Neurology. ... > full story
Most Elementary Schools In California Will Fail To Meet Proficiency Requirements By 2014, Study Shows (September 28, 2008) -- A new study shows that nearly all elementary schools in California will fail to meet the Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) requirements for proficiency by 2014, the year when all students in the nation need to be proficient in English Language Arts (ELA) and mathematics, per the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. For most schools, the greatest risk of failing AYP lies with ELA proficiency, the study finds. ... > full story
Brand Attitudes Improve When Product Is Paired With Favorable Actor (September 28, 2008) -- Love a rap artist's music, and you may develop fond feelings for the products placed in that artist's rap video. But, researchers recently found that the evaluation of brand decreases when paired with a negatively viewed actor. ... > full story
Working Environment Is One Cause Of Rheumatoid Arthritis (September 28, 2008) -- It has long been known that environmental factors play a part in the development of rheumatoid arthritis; smoking and drinking alcohol, along with heredity, are particularly instrumental in increasing the risk of the disease. Scientists have now produced results that suggest that working environment factors can also increase the chances of developing rheumatoid arthritis. ... > full story
Deactivating A Cancer Growth Promoter (September 28, 2008) -- Three enzymes called phosphatases that shut down a molecule called SRC-3 (steroid receptor coactivator 3) could provide a new pathway for fighting cancer, particularly tumors of the breast and prostate, said researchers in the journal Molecular Cell. ... > full story
Hospital Patients Are Discharged Earlier On Busier Days (September 28, 2008) -- A new study suggests that patients are discharged earlier than expected on days when hospitals face highest demand. ... > full story
Learning From Mistakes Only Works After Age 12, Study Suggests (September 27, 2008) -- Eight-year-old children have a radically different learning strategy from twelve-year-olds. Eight-year-olds learn primarily from positive feedback, whereas negative feedback scarcely causes any alarm bells to ring. Twelve-year-olds are better able to process negative feedback, and use it to learn from their mistakes. The switch in learning strategy can be seen in the brain areas responsible for cognitive control. ... > full story
Lung Cancer: Radiation, Immunotherapy Gives Greater Effectiveness, Study Suggests (September 27, 2008) -- Scientists have found the right formula of radiation and immunotherapy for fighting lung cancer tumors in mice, which they hope will translate to better treatment in human lung cancers. ... > full story
New Tool Helps Physicians Tailor Hormone Therapy For High-risk Prostate Cancer Patients (September 27, 2008) -- Using one of the largest databases of prostate cancer outcomes in the United States, Fox Chase Cancer Center researchers have developed a prediction tool that uses a patient's clinical information to estimate the benefit of adding androgen deprivation therapy of various durations to radiation therapy. ... > full story
Size And Fitness Levels Of NHL Players Have Improved, Study Shows (September 27, 2008) -- Researchers looked at a National Hockey League team over a 26-year cycle and discovered players have become bigger and fitter. ... > full story
Tobacco-movie Industry Ties Traced To Hollywood's Early Years (September 27, 2008) -- Today's movie industry still draws on those images to justify smoking in movies -- even as public health experts call for smoking to be eliminated from youth-rated films. Last month the National Cancer Institute concluded that on-screen smoking causes youth to start smoking. ... > full story
Gene Variant Boosts Risk Of Fatty Liver Disease (September 27, 2008) -- Researchers have found that individuals who carry a specific form of the gene PNPLA3 have more fat in their livers and a greater risk of developing liver inflammation. ... > full story
Vaccine For Pneumococcus Disease Possible, With New Immune System Finding (September 27, 2008) -- New research has shown how the immune system detects and destroys the bug, pneumococcus, which could help in the development of a new vaccine against the disease. ... > full story
Breast Cancer Treatment Resistance Linked To Signaling Pathway (September 27, 2008) -- Activation of the Src signaling pathway may cause resistance to standard medical treatment in some patients with breast cancer, and inhibition of this pathway holds the potential to overcome that resistance, according to new data. ... > full story
Weak Bladders Deter Many Young Women From Sports Participation (September 27, 2008) -- A weak bladder is putting many young women off participating in sport, or prompting them to give it up altogether, suggests new research. ... > full story
Open Cancer Surgery Set To Become A Thing Of The Past, According To Experts (September 27, 2008) -- The surgeon's knife is playing an ever smaller role in the treatment of cancer, as it is replaced by increasingly efficient and safe radiation therapy techniques. Progress in radiation technology will also lead to better detection rates for cancer, according to experts. ... > full story
Toward A Fast, Life-saving Test For Identifying The Purity Of Heroin (September 27, 2008) -- Scientists are reporting an advance toward a new method for determining the purity of heroin that could save lives by allowing investigators to quickly identify impure and more toxic forms of the drug being sold on the street. Unlike conventional tests, it does not destroy the original drug sample, according to their report. ... > full story
Calorie Restriction Does Not Appear To Induce Bone Loss In Overweight Adults (September 27, 2008) -- Young adults who follow a diet that is low in calories but nutritionally sound for six months appear to lose weight and fat without significant bone loss, according to a new article. ... > full story
Personality Can Hamper Physician's Assessment Of Depression (September 27, 2008) -- A physician's personality can affect practice behavior in inquiries about patient mood symptoms and the diagnosis of depression, according to a new study. ... > full story
Animals Farmed For Meat Are The No. 1 Source Of Food Poisoning Bug, Study Shows (September 26, 2008) -- A study, based on DNA-sequence comparison of thousands of bacterial samples collected from human patients and animal carriers, found that 97 percent of campylobacteriosis cases sampled in Lancashire, UK, were caused by bacteria typically found in chicken and livestock. ... > full story
Peptide Ghrelin May Be Involved In Both Alcohol Dependence And Overeating (September 26, 2008) -- Ghrelin is a peptide found mostly in the stomach but also in the brain. Ghrelin is known to have an effect on food intake by increasing feelings of hunger and the urge to eat. New findings show that the ghrelin system may also be involved in addictive behaviors and brain reward. ... > full story
Social Class Dictates Cancer Risk (September 26, 2008) -- Cervical and lung cancer are more common in poor people while rates of breast cancer and melanoma are higher in the wealthy. A detailed analysis of the incidence of these four different kinds of cancer, carried out on more than 300,000 English cancer patients and published in BMC Cancer, describes the effects of socioeconomic group, region and age. ... > full story
Scientists Unmask Key HIV Protein, Open Door For More Powerful AIDS Drugs (September 26, 2008) -- Scientists have provided the most detailed picture yet of a key HIV accessory protein that foils the body's normal immune response. Based on the findings, the team is searching for new drugs that may someday allow infected people to be cured and no longer need today's AIDS drugs for a lifetime. ... > full story
Weight Loss Surgery May Be Associated With Bone Loss (September 26, 2008) -- Weight loss surgery may be linked to deficiencies in calcium and vitamin D and bone loss, according to a new study. ... > full story
Post-traumatic Stress Experienced By Family Members Months After Loved One's Stay In Intensive Care Unit (September 26, 2008) -- Family members may experience post-traumatic stress as many as six months after a loved one's stay in a hospital's intensive care unit (ICU), according to a new study. The study found that symptoms of anxiety and depression in family members of ICU patients diminished over time, but high rates of post-traumatic stress and complicated grief remained. ... > full story
Pigs Bred With Cystic Fibrosis Provide Model To Mimic Human Disease (September 26, 2008) -- Cystic fibrosis continues to be a lethal disease for humans despite the identification of the problematic gene two decades ago. Many humans born with CF -- the most common genetic disease in Caucasians -- often die because of a lung disease developed later. Scientists have been unable to develop an animal model that develops the fatal lung disease. Now, one researcher is producing pigs born with cystic fibrosis that mimic the exact symptoms of a newborn with CF. ... > full story
Broken Arm? Women Recover Muscle Strength More Slowly Than Men, After Cast Is Removed (September 26, 2008) -- Women are four times more likely than men to experience a broken forearm and require a cast (immobilization). To examine if casting had an effect on gender, researchers immobilized a limb from among volunteers of both sexes. They found men were able to regain 99 percent of their strength within a week of removing the cast, but women's strength was still 30 percent lower than before the cast was applied. ... > full story
Low Sperm Count May Be Associated With Prenatal Testosterone Excess (September 26, 2008) -- Exposure to an excess of sexual steroids, like testosterone, during fetal development may be a potential risk factor for low sperm count and motility, according to a new study. ... > full story
Unraveling 'Math Dyslexia' (September 26, 2008) -- New research could change the way we view math difficulties and how we assist children who face those problems. Scientists are using brain imaging to understand how children develop math skills, and what kind of brain development is associated with those skills. ... > full story
New Approach To Gene Therapy May Shrink Brain Tumors, Prevent Their Spread (September 26, 2008) -- Researchers are investigating a new approach to gene therapy for brain tumors -- delivering a cancer-fighting gene to normal brain tissue around the tumor to keep it from spreading. They have found that inducing mouse brain cells to secrete human interferon-beta suppressed and eliminated growth of human glioblastoma cells implanted nearby. ... > full story
Differences Between People And Animals On Calorie Restriction (September 26, 2008) -- Calorie restriction, a diet that is low in calories and high in nutrition, may not be as effective at extending life in people as it is in rodents, according to scientists. ... > full story
Iron-moving Malfunction May Underlie Neurodegenerative Diseases, Aging (September 26, 2008) -- A glitch in the ability to move iron around in cells may underlie a disease known as Type IV mucolipidosis and the suite of symptoms -- mental retardation, poor vision and diminished motor abilities -- that accompany it, new research shows. ... > full story
Avid Online Role-players Do Not Fit Gamer Stereotypes (September 26, 2008) -- Players of online role-playing games tend to be older and fitter than suggested by popular stereotypes, survey finds. Older players also log more playing time, and women tend to be more committed to the game. ... > full story
Fishy Diet In Early Infancy Cuts Eczema Risk (September 26, 2008) -- An infant diet that includes fish before the age of 9 months curbs the risk of developing eczema, indicates research in the Archives of Disease in Childhood. ... > full story
Genetic Testing Anywhere: Micro-sizes Hand-held 'Lab-on-a-chip' Devices Under Development (September 26, 2008) -- Using new "lab on a chip" technology, chemists hope to create a hand-held device that may eventually allow physicians, crime scene investigators, pharmacists, even the general public to quickly and inexpensively conduct DNA tests from almost anywhere, without need for a complex and expensive central laboratory. ... > full story
Mapping The Neuron-behavior Link In Rett Syndrome (September 26, 2008) -- A link between certain behaviors and the lack of the protein associated with Rett Syndrome -- a devastating autism spectrum disorder -- demonstrates the importance of MeCP2 (the protein) and reveals never-before recognized functions associated with aggression and obesity, said researchers at Baylor College of Medicine in the journal Neuron. ... > full story
New Technique Sees Into Tissue At Greater Depth, Resolution (September 26, 2008) -- By coupling a kicked-up version of microscopy with miniscule particles of gold, Duke University scientists are now able to peer so deep into living tissue that they can see molecules interacting. ... > full story
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