Clinical Trial For New Tuberculosis Vaccine (September 12, 2008) -- With annually 2 million deaths and 9 million new cases, there are more victims of tuberculosis than of any other infectious disease, apart from AIDS. Worsening the situation, many strains of tuberculosis are so resistant that they no longer respond to traditional treatment, making the necessity of a new tuberculosis vaccine more urgent than ever. For the first time in 80 years, a promising live tuberculosis vaccine has reached the clinical trial stage in Germany. ... > full story
Psychiatry: When The Mirror Becomes An Enemy (September 12, 2008) -- A nose that's too big, hair that's too curly or a beauty mark in the wrong place -- who hasn't focused on a small detail of their appearance while staring at a mirror? But when these imperfections take over our thoughts, or exist only in our heads, it's a sign that such obsessing is a disorder. ... > full story
Is Probiotic Yakult Helpful In The Treatment Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome? (September 12, 2008) -- Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is a common feature in irritable bowel syndrome and may be directly related to symptoms. SIBO is detected indirectly using the lactulose breath test, where an early rise in breath hydrogen is suggestive of SIBO. Researchers examined the effect of L. strain Shirota. After 6 weeks, there was a significant shift in the time of first rise after the lactulose breath test, indicating a reduction in SIBO. ... > full story
Teens' Failure To Use Condoms Linked To Partner Disapproval, Fear Of Less Sexual Pleasure (September 12, 2008) -- Approximately one in four teens in the United States will contract a sexually transmitted disease (STD), according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Experts believe a major contributing factor is the failure of many teens to use condoms consistently and routinely. Now a new study provides some insight into some of the factors that influence condom use among teenagers. ... > full story
Strict Mediterranean Diet Can Help Reduce Deaths From Major Chronic Diseases (September 12, 2008) -- Sticking to a full Mediterranean diet provides substantial protection against major chronic diseases including heart disease, cancer and Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, according to a new study. ... > full story
Risk Of Breast Cancer Mutations Underestimated For Asian Women (September 12, 2008) -- Oncologists were perplexed. Computer models designed to identify women who might have dangerous genetic mutations that increase their risk of breast and ovarian cancer worked well for white women. But they seemed to be less reliable for another ethnic group. Researchers have now found that two computer models widely used to determine who should undergo genetic testing for BRCA mutations under predicted mutation frequency in Asian-American women by 50 percent. ... > full story
Off-label Medicine Combinations Are Predominant Treatment In Survey Of Schizophrenics (September 12, 2008) -- Researchers report that 74.5 percent of 200 community-based schizophrenic patients, who were interviewed and evaluated (including a review of clinical records), were treated with off-label medication treatments. Specifically, 42.5 percent of subjects reported they were simultaneously treated with more than one antipsychotic drug, an unapproved treatment for schizophrenia. The most common unapproved drug combination was the use of both an antipsychotic drug and a mood stabilizer (45 percent of patients). ... > full story
Searching In Space And Minds: Research Suggests Underlying Link (September 12, 2008) -- New research from Indiana University has found evidence that how we look for things, such as our car keys or umbrella, could be related to how we search for more abstract needs, such as words in memory or solutions to problems. "Common underlying search mechanisms may exist that drive our behavior in many different domains," said IU cognitive scientist Peter Todd. ... > full story
Male-specific Neurons Directly Linked To Gender-specific Behaviors (September 12, 2008) -- New research identifies a few critical neurons that initiate sex-specific behaviors in fruit flies and, when masculinized, can elicit male-typical courtship behaviors from females. The study demonstrates a direct link between sexual dimorphism in the brain and gender differences in behavior. ... > full story
Killing Bacteria Isn't Enough To Restore Immune Function After Infection (September 12, 2008) -- A bacterial molecule that initially signals to animals that they have been invaded must be wiped out by a special enzyme before an infected animal can regain full health, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found. ... > full story
Brains Rely On Old And New Mechanisms To Diminish Fear (September 12, 2008) -- Humans have developed complex thought processes that can help to regulate their emotions, but these processes are also linked with evolutionarily older mechanisms that are common across species, according to a study by neuroscientists at New York and Rutgers universities. ... > full story
Cancer Stem Cells Isolated: Could Lead To New Drugs To Stop Cancer From Returning (September 12, 2008) -- Cancer prevention researchers have discovered a protein marker that allows them to isolate cancer stem cells from regular cancer cells. By targeting this marker, scientists are developing new drugs to kill the stem cells and stop cancer from returning. ... > full story
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